Professionals and amateurs alike wear a head tooth protector to reduce the chance of injury while playing American football. Football helmets have changed over time and many different materials are available. The rules of the game have also changed.
Video History of the football helmet
Origins
In 1888 the convention of college football rules voted to allow handles below the waist. Players and coaches immediately consider the drivers as important for the game. However, as in the National Hockey League during the 1970s, helmets are the last thing to be accepted. They were not compulsory equipment on the college's green field until 1939 and were not required in the National Football League until 1943. In addition, "the last NFL player to play in a helmetless game was Dick Plasman who ended for the Chicago Bears in 1940." There was a picture of him without being taken in the 1940 NFL Championship Game where Chicago defeated the Washington Redskins 73-0.
Before the invention of football helmets, players often grow their hair long, because they believe it will protect their heads. The person who is credited with creating the first helmet is George Barclay. In 1896 he designed a headgear which was soon known as the "head harness". It has three thick leather straps that form a fitting around its head, made by the harness maker. In addition, other sources gave the credit of inventing football helmets to US Naval Academy Midshipman Joseph M. Reeves (who later became "Father of Carrier Aviation"), who had a protective device for his head made of mole skin to allow him to play in 1893 Army-Navy Game after he was told by a Navy doctor that he should release football or risk death from another kick in the head. Reeves went to a local shoemaker/blacksmith and had a raw leather helmet made to protect his skull. Before the first helmet, Edgar Allan Poe III (granddephew of famous writers) developed a small skin nose protector which, however, was found to be very disturbing to vision and breathing and easily loose.
Then the helmet is made of soft leather, and resembles an aviator helmet. Helmets slowly began to take on more of the appearance that we recognize today when about 1915 more padding and flaps are added with ear holes for better field communication. The painted helmet has been there almost as long as the helmet itself: it is used to show team spirit and to help quarterbacks distinguish the underground receivers from defenders. Helmets from the University of Michigan Wolverines bear a logo that follows the original layers of leather helmets. The professional team logo started in 1948 when Fred Gehrke, half back for the Los Angeles Rams, began painting horn designs on all Rams helmets. Gehrke studied art at the University of Utah.
The next innovation probably came in 1917 in the form of a suspension: to "hold" the skull away from the foam shell. The fabric strap forms a pattern inside the helmet. They absorb and distribute the impact better, and they are allowed to ventilate. It was a breakthrough. They were first known as "ZH" or the Zuppke helmet that was named after the Illinois coach who came up with the design. Rawlings and Spalding are some of the first manufacturers.
The first person to design a bar face mask on a football helmet was Vern McMillan, the owner of a sports equipment store in Terre Haute, Indiana. It is a rubber-coated wire mask on a leather helmet. This type was used in the mid-1930s.
Maps History of the football helmet
Plastic helmet
The plastic football helmet came in 1940. It was invented and patented by John T. Riddell and his son John T. Riddell Jr., from John T. Riddell Company in Chicago, a provider of sporting goods. Single shells are formed stronger, lighter, more durable, and do not rot like skin when moist. The colors can also be baked into plastic so the paint job will be more durable. In 1940 Riddell also developed the first chin strap to rest on the chin instead of the first plastic neck and face mask.
But there is a problem. The plastic helmet was brittle when it hit the head. And bar drilled holes for face masks tend to loosen up. Because Riddell is in trouble and so is the plastic helmet. Riddell's plastic helmet is slightly flat on top of it but turns into a teardrop shape, allowing a blow to slide to one side or the other than to meet face-to-face. The web suspension can be raised or lowered to fit the player's head.
In 1955, G.E. Morgan, a consultant to Riddell, and Paul Brown, trainer from Cleveland Browns, invented the BT-5 face mask which is a single bar design. A year after BT-5 a single wave radio is mounted on the helmet players so the coach can give the game to the quarterback via radio frequency. It only leads to the disruption of game time, but the experiment precedes the time.
In 1971, Morgan, now chairman of the board of Riddell received a patent for "Absorbing Energy and Sizing Means for Helmets." The result: HA-91 and HA-92 helmets that absorb energy, "microfit". They have a valve in their crown to allow air to be pumped into vinyl pillows crammed into every space inside the helmet. Players use it and then pump to fit strongly in the player's head. Sometimes fluids are also used. Anti-freezing solvents, used by some Green Bay Packers to defeat the coldness of the Lambeau field.
The source is not sure who first designed the airbag for football helmets, but Dr. Richard Schneider of the University of Michigan Hospital reportedly believes that air is the most effective way to protect from dulled forces. With this in mind, he invented an inflatable bladder for use inside a football helmet. The Michigan Wolves Football team used a prototype and Schutt Sports recruited Schnieder and began mass-producing AirTm Helmets in the early 1970s.
Many veteran players still prefer the old web that frozen Riddell TK-2 as it is generally lighter and more breathable. The interior helmet bearings were then developed that were lighter and did not need to be filled with air or liquid by both Schutt and Riddell sporting companies. And because their safety is immediately favored by all positions.
At the end of 1976, due to concern for security, four point chin straps were required in a college ball. It keeps the helmet in place.
The age space of rigid plastic helmet Polycarbonate alloy and vinyl coated steel alloy face mask was the norm in the 1980s and 1990s.
In 2002 Riddell released a more recent ball design for a helmet called Revolution (or Revo) and is currently the most widely used helmet in the National Football League. Schutt's partner is called Pro Adult Helmet DNA. A study released by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center showed that the Riddell Revolution, and others like it, reduced the incidence of concussions by 31%. Furthermore, a meeting of the Senate Commerce Committee on October 19, 2011, heard testimony from Jeffrey Kutcher, a professor of neurology at the University of Michigan and chair of the American sports neurology section Academy of Neurology that "no significant data" in UPMC Research for Riddell made the claim that helmets reduce concussion by 31%. On or about May 2013, Mary K. Engle, associate director of the FTC for advertising practices writes that the agency has concluded UPMC's study "does not prove that the University's football hunting helm reduces concussions or the risk of concussion by 31%." Riddell has since stopped using 31% claim. Later, Riddell released the Speed ​​Revolution helmet.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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