The garage door is a large door in the open garage either manually or with an electric motor (garage door opener). Garage doors are often large enough to accommodate cars and other vehicles. A small garage door can be made in one panel that tilts up and back across the garage ceiling. Larger doors are usually made in several concatenated panels that are rolled up on rails across the ceiling of the garage, or into a roll above the door. The mechanism of spring operation or offset to offset the weight of the door and reduce the human or motor effort required to operate the door. Less commonly, some garage doors glide or swing horizontally. Doors are made of wood, metal, or fiberglass, and can be isolated to prevent heat loss. Warehouses, garage buses and locomotive warehouses have larger versions.
Video Garage door
Description
A typical version of the garage door above used in the past will be built as a one-piece panel. Panels are mounted on each side with unequal parallel hinge style hinge mechanisms. The new version of the overhead garage door is now commonly built from multiple hinged panels together that roll over the track system guided by the rollers. The door weight may be 400 pounds (181.4 kg) or more, but offset by a torsional spring system or a pair of extension springs. Remote controlled motorized mechanisms to open garage doors add convenience, safety and security.
Maps Garage door
History
The history of the garage door could date back to 450 BC when the train was kept at the gate of the house, but in the US it appeared around the beginning of the 20th century. In early 1902, American manufacturers - including Cornell Iron Works - published catalogs featuring "vest doors". The proof of a raised garage door can be found in the catalog in 1906.
Single-pane garage door
Single panel doors are built from one monolithic panel. From a closed position, one panel door swings up and up with a hinge on each side (known as a hardware type of frame) to the fully open position. The disadvantage of a monolithic panel door is that the arc swinging from the door occurs partly outside the garage. This means the vehicle must stop and park a few feet in front of the door to avoid getting hit by the garage door when opened.
Single-panel doors can also be fitted with (one piece of hardware type) that folds the rear door with one horizontal trajectory on each side (mounted on the top of the wooden frame) and roller, (mounted to the top of the door on each side Hinges on each side that clings down each side of the garage door Using the track hardware, the car can be parked closer to the door, because the entire door, when in the open, leaning position is actually inside the garage door header.Lamp tracking hardware has fewer arcs when raise and lower the garage door as the opposite frame type device.
Sectional garage door
The sectional door is usually made of three to eight panels and slid up and up. The sectional doors occupy as much internal garage space as the monolithic doors. The sectional door has two advantages over a single panel monolithic door:
- The sectional door does not require space outside the garage to open. A vehicle can park very close to the garage before opening the door.
- Each sectional door panel has its own connection to the doorway. This improves reliability and toughness compared to monolithic doors, which have few track connections for the entire panel.
Garage doors can be made of many materials, but steel, aluminum, wood, copper, glass, and vinyl (polyethylene) are the most popular materials. Some manufacturers incorporate foamed polyurethane insulation inside monolithic panels and sectional garage doors.
Side side sliding door
- Plenty of space under the garage ceiling.
- Can use the entire garage ceiling.
- Quick access to the garage
Door rollers
Door rollers ("Door Sheets" -USA) are usually made of corrugated steel. They evolved from the window coverings and door closers. Other materials may be used (eg, transparent corrugated fiberglass) where strong impact resistance is not required. Corrosion gives the door strength to impact. A garage car garage door has a single spring loaded inside the rolling mechanism. Spring reduces the effort required to open the door. Larger roller doors in commercial premises do not appear (except US) and use manual pulleys and chain or motor systems that are driven to raise and lower (roll and roll) doors. Roller doors can not be effectively isolated.
In the UK (and other parts of the EU), 'isolated' roller garage doors are available, using an aluminum lathe filled with polyurethane foam for thermal and acoustic insulation.
In terms of thermal insulation, roller doors have a typical insulation value of 4.9 to 5.2. The sheet steel garage door has a typical insulation value of 6.1 to 6.4. Applications that require more thermal insulation usually use a sectional garage door made of foam, which provides a typical insulation value of 2.7 to 1.3.
Garage door material
- Cheap, lightweight, rust-proof aluminum door, and low maintenance features. They are vulnerable to dents because aluminum is not strong and they are not energy efficient because aluminum is a highly conductive material.
- Fiberglass and vinyl garage doors are composite units, incorporating steel cores behind fiberglass or vinyl leather. They also have an isolated base of polyurethane, or other types of foam insulation. This premium door can fit a steel garage door, and become a realistic wood imitation (ie fiberglass unit), but the price may be more expensive than steel units.
- Steel doors have become common and are available in various sizes and styles, providing strength and security, are cost-competitive, and may have an optional insulating value. Extra strength is available with two or three galvanized armor with low gauge numbers (23-24 gauge steel panels).
- The wooden garage door offers an aesthetic appeal, but the treatment is high and may be expensive. The cheap wooden garage door can be curved and easily broken.
Steel stamped construction
A common material for new garage doors is steel sheets that are formed to look like raised wooden doors. Steel doors are available in uninsulated, insulated, and double skin steel. A door design of a mimic railroad house has become popular since around 2002, and many manufacturers dressed in exterior steel doors with composites, vinyl boards, or DecamTrim to provide a wooden appearance. A more economical alternative to a garage door is a stamped steel construction.
Isolation
In situations involving a residential garage where the value of insulation and energy efficiency of the garage door is important to prevent overheating and freezing problems, as well as for convenience and energy savings.
Some manufacturers advertise very high insulation values ​​for some of their garage doors (R-15 to R-17), but may be true only for some major parts. The actual R value - for the entire door - is often 1/2 or 1/3 of the advertised value.
Torque spring lift mechanism
The torque spring-loading system consists of one or two springs that close tightly to the steel shaft with the drum wires at both ends. The entire tool is mounted on the header wall above the garage door and has three supporters: a central bearing plate with steel or nylon pads and two end cushion plates at both ends. The springs themselves consist of steel wire with stationary cones at one end and a cone winding at the other. Stationary cones attached to the middle bearing plate. The winding cone consists of a hole every 90 degrees to rotate the spring and two sets of screws to secure the spring to the shaft. The steel balancer cable runs from the roller brackets at the bottom corner of the door to the notch on the drum of the cable. When the door is raised, the springs will loose and the stored tension lifts the door by turning the shaft, thus rotating the cable drum, wrapping the cable around the grooves on the cable drum. When the door is lowered, the wires detached from the drum and spring are blown back to full voltage.
Torque spring life
Garage door manufacturers usually produce garage doors equipped with torsion springs that provide a minimum of 10,000 to 15,000 cycles and are guaranteed for three to seven years. One cycle is a single opening and closing sequence. Most manufacturers offer 30,000 springs cycles. However, it is important to remember that if the garage door weight is increased by adding glass, additional insulation, or even multiple layers of paint, the life of the torsion spring can be greatly reduced. In addition, springs in very humid environments, such as coastal areas tend to have significantly shorter life cycles, due to corrosive cracks.
Other factors such as poor garage door maintenance, loose tracks, or components shorten the spring of torque. Owners are advised to avoid applying the grease to the garage door track because it makes the wheels "glide" on the track instead of turning on their bearings. Only bearings, hinges, and wire springs require lubrication.
Extension spring extension mechanism
An extension spring equilibrium system consists of a pair of springs stretched out that run parallel to the horizontal track. The springs lift the door through a pulley system and a ballast cable that runs from the bottom corner bracket through the pulleys. As the door is raised, the spring contracts, lifting the door as tension is released. Usually this spring is made of 11 gauge galvanized steel, and the length of the spring is based on the height of the garage door in question. Their load lifting capacity can be well identified by the color painted at the tip of the spring.
Maintenance
The maintenance of the garage door is described in the manufacturer's instructions and consists of periodic checks for correct operation, visual inspection of parts, and lubrication.
Security
Garage doors cause injury and property damage (including costly damage to the door itself) in several different ways. The most common causes of injury from the garage door system include falling doors, clamping points, unacceptable opening force settings and safety eyes, self-repair effort without proper knowledge or equipment, and uncontrolled release of spring tension (on extension of the spring system ).
Garage doors with faulty springs, or faulty springs, may fall. Because the effective mass of the door increases when the garage door passes from the horizontal door to the vertical door, the falling garage door accelerates rapidly. Falling free garage doors can cause serious injury or death.
Parts and rollers in the garage door are the main pinch hazards. Children should not be allowed near moving garage doors for this reason. At a manually operated garage door, the handle should be vertically mounted, to promote "vertical orientation of the hand".
The mechanical garage door opener can pull or push the garage door with enough force to injure or kill people and pets if they get stuck. All modern entries are equipped with "style settings" that make the door upside down if it faces too many obstacles when closing or opening. Any garage door opener sold in the United States after 1992 requires a security eye - a sensor that prevents the door from closing if blocked. The style setting should cause the door to stop or reverse when faced with more than approximately 20 pounds (9.07 kg) of resistance. The safety eye should be installed up to six inches above the ground. Many garage door injuries, and almost all property damage related to garage doors, can be avoided by following these precautions.
Certain parts, especially springs, wires, underside, and anchor plates, are under extreme pressure. Injury can occur if the underside of tension is released.
Extension spring systems should always be controlled by a safety cable that flows in the center of the spring, binding to the solid point on the back and front of the horizontal door path. Extension springs represent a danger to the observer when springs, pulleys, or wires break up under tension. The metal part of the extension spring system can be unexpectedly launched.
References
External links
Media related to Garage door in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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