Chinese New Year

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Lunar New Year , commonly known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar. This is one of several Chinese New Year's in Asia. Traditional celebrations run from the night before the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on a new moon between January 21 and February 20. In 2018, the first day of Chinese New Year is on Friday, February 16, starting the year of the Dog.

It is one of the most prominent and celebrated festivals in the world, and involves the world's largest annual mass migration in the world. This is a big holiday in Greater China and has greatly influenced the lunar new year celebrations of China's neighboring cultures, including the Korean New Year (seol), T? T Vietnam, and Tibetan Losar. It is also celebrated worldwide in countries with significant Overseas Chinese populations, including Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Australia, Philippines and Mauritius, as well as many countries in North America and Europe.

New Year's Festival is centuries ago and is associated with some myths and customs. Traditionally, the festival is a time to honor the gods and also the ancestors. In China, local customs and traditions concerning Chinese New Year celebrations vary widely. Often, the eve of the Chinese New Year is an opportunity for Chinese families to gather for an annual reunion dinner. It is also a traditional thing for every family to clean the house thoroughly, to get rid of all the bad luck and make way for the incoming luck. The windows and doors are decorated with red paper strips and stripes with popular themes of "good fortune" or "happiness", "wealth", and "longevity". Other activities include lighting firecrackers and giving money in red paper envelopes. In about a third of the Mainland population, or 500 million North people, cakes (especially those containing vegetarian food) stand out in celebrity festivities.

Video Chinese New Year

Tanggal dalam kalender lunisolar Cina

The Chinese Lunar Calendar specifies the Lunar New Year's date. This calendar is also used in countries that have been influenced by, or have links with, China - such as Korea, Japan and Vietnam, although sometimes the celebrated date may differ by one day or even one month cycle because it uses meridians based on a different capital city in different time zones or different placements of the Eid months.

The Chinese calendar defines the lunar month with the winter solstice as the 11th month, which means that the Lunar New Year usually falls in the second new moon after the winter solstice (rarely the third if the interrupted moon intervenes). Over 96% of those years, Lunar New Year's Day is the new month closest to lichun (Mandarin: ?? ; "< i> early spring ") on the 4th or 5th of February, and the first new month after Dahan (Mandarin: ?? ;" big cold "). In the Gregorian calendar, the Lunar New Year begins on a new moon that falls between January 21 and February 20.

The Gregorian calendar dates for the Chinese New Year from 1912 to 2101 are under, along with the year-old animal zodiac and its Batang branch. Traditional Chinese calendars follow the Metonic cycle (such as the modern Jewish Calendar), and return to the same date in the Gregorian calendar roughly. The Branches of Earth names do not have English counterparts and not Chinese translations of animals. Along with the 12-year cycle of animal zodiac there is a 10-year cycle of heavenly trunks. Each of the ten heavenly trunks is associated with one of the five elements of Chinese astrology: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water. The elements are rotated every two years while the yin associations and turns each year. Such elements are distinguished: Wood Yang, Wood Yin, The Fire, Fire Yin, etc. This results in a combined cycle that repeats every 60 years. For example, the Year of the Rat Flames occurred in 1936 and in 1996, 60 years apart.

Many inaccurate people count the years of their Chinese birth by changing it from their Gregorian year of birth. As Chinese New Year starts in late January to mid-February, the previous years of Chinese dates through January 1 to that day in the new Gregorian year, remained unchanged from the previous Gregorian year. For example, the 1989 Snake began on February 6, 1989. In 1989 it was generally in line with the year of the Snake. However, in 1988 the Dragon officially ended on February 5, 1989. This means that anyone born from January 1 to February 5, 1989 was actually born in the year of Dragon rather than the year of the Snake. Many online Chinese calculator lists do not take into account the inconsistencies of the two calendars, using the Gregorian calendar year rather than the official Chinese New Year.

One scheme of continuous Chinese calendar years set 4709 at the beginning of 2011, but this is not universally accepted; calendars are traditionally cyclical, not constantly numbered.

Although the Chinese calendar has traditionally not used persistent year numbers, outside of China, its years are sometimes calculated from the legendary reign of the Yellow Kingdom in the 3rd millennium BC. But at least three different years of number 1 are now used by various scholars, making the year starting CE 2015 "Chinese year" 4712, 4713, or 4652.

Maps Chinese New Year

Mythology

According to fairy tales and legends, the beginning of Chinese New Year begins with a mythical beast called Nian. Nian will eat the villagers, especially the children. One year, all the villagers decided to hide from the beast. An old man appeared before the villagers hid and said that he would stay at night, and decided to take revenge on Nian. All the villagers thought he was crazy. The old man put the red paper and turned on the firecrackers. A day later, the villagers returned to their city to see that nothing was destroyed. They assumed that the old man was a god who came to save them. The villagers then understood that Nian was afraid of red and loud. When the New Year is coming, the villagers will wear red clothing, hang red lanterns, and spring red scrolls on windows and doors. People also use firecrackers to scare Nian. Since then, Nian never came to the village again. Nian was eventually arrested by Hongjun Laozu, an ancient Taoist monk. After that, Nian retreated to the nearest mountain. The name of the mountain has long gone for years.

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Public holidays

Chinese New Year is observed as a public holiday in a number of countries and regions where there are considerable Chinese populations. Since the Chinese New Year falls on different dates on the Gregorian calendar every year on different days of the week, some of these governments choose to shift workdays to accommodate longer public holidays. In some countries, official holidays are added on the next business day when New Year falls on weekends, as in the case of 2013, where New Year's Eve (February 9) falls on Saturday and New Year's Day (February 10) on Sunday. Depending on the country, holidays may be termed differently; Common names are "Chinese New Year", "Lunar New Year", "New Year Festival", and "Spring Festival".

For a lunar New Year celebration but not Chinese New Year (like Korea Seollal and Vietnam T ), see the article in Chinese New Year.

For other countries where Chinese New Year is celebrated but not an official holiday, see the section below about Celebrations outside China.

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Celebration

During the festival, people around China will prepare dishes for families and guests. Influenced by a growing culture, food from different places looks and feels completely different. Among them, the most famous are dumplings from northern China and Tangyuan from southern China.

Previous day

On the eighth day of the lunar month before Chinese New Year, the holiday Profit (Chinese simplified: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? lÃÆ' b? ), traditional slurry, Profit porridge (Simplified Chinese : ??? ; traditional Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: lÃÆ' b? zh? u ), is presented to remember an ancient festival, called La , which occurred shortly after the seasonal solstice cold. Pickles such as Garlic Profit, which turn green from vinegar, are also made today. For those who believe in Buddhism, Profit holidays are also regarded as Bodhi Day. Layue (Simplified Chinese: ?? ; Traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin is a term often associated with the Chinese New Year because it refers to the sacrifices that are held in honor of the moon gods. -12 months, then the meat preserved Chinese New Year is known as larou (Simplified Chinese: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: lÃÆ' rÃÆ'²u ). The porridge is prepared by the household women in the first light, with the first bowl offered to the family ancestor and the household god. Each family member is then served a bowl, with leftovers distributed to relatives and friends. It's still served as a special breakfast on this day in some Chinese homes. The concept of "La Moon" is similar to Advent in Christianity. Many families eat vegetarian on Chinese New Year's Eve, garlic and meat festivals are eaten on Chinese New Year's Day.

In the days before the New Year celebrations, Chinese families cleaned their homes. There is a Cantonese saying "Clean up the dirt in nin ya baat " (Chinese: ???, ??? ; pinyin: niÃÆ'¡n niÃÆ' nb ?, x? l? tÃÆ' ; jyutping: nin4 jaa6 baat3, sai2 laap6 taap3 (laat6 taat3) ), but the practice is not limited to nin ya baat (day 28 month 12). It is believed cleanup swept the bad luck of the previous year and made their home ready for good luck. Brooms and dust panes are stored on the first day so that new luck comes can not be swept away. Some people give their houses, doors, and window frames a new red paint coat; decorators and paper tailors doing business year-end before Chinese New Year. The houses are often decorated with pieces of paper from the phrases and composition of good Chinese words. Buying new clothes and shoes also symbolizes a new beginning. Each haircut must be completed before New Year, as cutting the hair on New Year is considered bad luck due to the homonymous nature of the word "hair" (fa) and the word for "prosperity". Businesses are expected to pay off all unpaid debts for the year before the new year's eve, extending into debt of gratitude. So it is common practice to send gifts and rice to cover business associates, and extended family members.

In many households where Buddhism or Taoism is prevalent, altars and home sculptures are thoroughly cleaned, and the decorations used to decorate altars over the last year are taken and burned a week before the new year begins, to be replaced with new decorations. The Tao (and Buddhas at the lower levels) will also "send the gods back to heaven" (Chinese: span lang = "zh"> ; pinyin: sÃÆ'²ngshÃÆ' Â © n ), an example will burn a Zao Jun the Kitchen God paper statue, a family function recorder. This was done so that the Kitchen God could report to the Jade Emperor about the offenses and the good deeds of the household family. Families often offer sweet foods (like sweets) to "bribe" the gods in reporting good things about the family.

Before the Reunion Dinner, a thanksgiving prayer was held to mark a safe journey from the previous year. The Confucianists took the opportunity to remember their ancestors, and those who had lived before they were honored. Some people do not offer Buddhist prayers because of the influence of Christianity, with Christian prayer offered instead.

New Year's Eve

The biggest event of the Lunar New Year's Eve is an annual reunion dinner. Dishes consisting of special meats are served at the table, as a main course for dinner and offering for the New Year. This meal is comparable to a Thanksgiving dinner in the US and is very similar to Christmas dinner in another country with a high percentage of Christians.

In northern China, it is customary to make a cake (jiaozi) after dinner to eat around midnight. The dumplings symbolize wealth because of its shape similar to the Chinese sycee. In contrast, in the South, it is customary to make a new year cake (niangao) and send it as a gift to relatives and friends in the coming days. NiÃÆ'¡ng? O [Pinyin] literally means "new year cake" with homophonous meanings of "increasingly prosperous year in the coming year".

After dinner, some families went to a local temple several hours before the new year began praying for a prosperous new year by lighting the first incense this year; But in modern practice, many households throw a party and even make a countdown to the new year. Traditionally, firecrackers were lit to scare off evil spirits with sealed household doors, not reopened until the new morning in a ritual called "opening the door of luck" (simplified Chinese: ? ? ; traditional Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: k? icÃÆ'¡imÃÆ' Â © n ).

Beginning in 1982, the CCTV New Year's Gala was broadcast in China four hours before the start of the New Year and lasted until the following morning. The tradition of sleeping late at New Year's Eve, or even staying awake all night and morning, known as shousui (??), is still practiced as it supposedly adds to parents' longevity.

First day

The first day is to welcome the gods of heaven and earth, officially begins at midnight. It is a traditional practice to light firecrackers, burning bamboo sticks and fireworks and to make as much food as possible to ward off evil spirits packaged by nian whose terms Guo Nian are revealed. Many Buddhists abstain from meat consumption on the first day because it is believed to guarantee longevity for them. Some people consider lighting fires and using knives as bad luck on New Year's Day, so all the food to be consumed is cooked a few days earlier. On this day, it is considered bad fortune to use a broom, because good fortune will not be "swept" symbolically.

Most importantly, the first day of the Lunar New Year is a time to honor parents and families visiting the oldest and most senior family members of their extended family, usually their parents, grandparents and great-grandparents.

For Buddhists, the first day is the birth of the Maitreya Bodhisattva (better known as the more familiar Buddha Budhā), the Buddhist candidate. People also stay away from killing animals.

Some families may invite lion dance troupe as a symbolic ritual to usher Chinese New Year and drive out evil spirits from the place. Married family members also provide red envelopes containing cash known as lai see (Cantonese dialect) or angpow (Hokkien/Fujian dialect), or hongbao (Mandarin), a form of blessing and to suppress aging and challenges associated with the coming year, for junior family members, mostly children and adolescents. Business managers also provide bonuses through red packages to employees for luck, fluency, good health and wealth.

While fireworks and fireworks are traditionally very popular, some areas have banned them because of concerns over fire hazards. For this reason, various municipalities (eg, Kowloon, Beijing, Shanghai for several years) issued a ban on fireworks and firecrackers in some areas of the city. Instead, large-scale fireworks screens have been launched by governments in city-states like Hong Kong and Singapore. However, it is a tradition that indigenous peoples from walled villages in New Territories, Hong Kong are allowed to light fireworks and launch fireworks on a limited scale.

Second day

The second day of Chinese New Year, known as "the beginning of the year" (simplified Chinese: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: k? iniÃÆ'¡n ), is when married daughters visit their biological parents, relatives and close friends. (Traditionally, married girls do not have the opportunity to visit their biological families often.)

During the Chinese imperial days, "beggars and other unemployed people circulated [d] from family to family, carrying images of [Gods of Wealth] shouting," Cai Shen dao ! "[God of Wealth has come!]." The homeowners will respond with "lucky money" to reward the messengers. Businesspeople from the Cantonese dialect group will hold a 'Hoi Nin' prayer to start their business on the 2nd day of Chinese New Year so they will be blessed with luck and prosperity in their business for this year.

Because today is believed to be Che Kung's Birthday, a god worshiped in Hong Kong, worshipers go to Che Kung Temple to pray for his blessing. A representative from the government asked Che Kung about the wealth of the city through you cim.

Day three

The third day is known as "red mouth" (Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: ChÃÆ''k? U ). Chikou is also called "Chigou Day" (Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: ChÃÆ'¬g? UrÃÆ'¬ ). Chigou , literally "red dog", is the nickname "God of Blazing Wrath" (Chinese: ???? ; pinyin: Bi? o nÃÆ'¹ zh? shÃÆ' Â © n ). The villagers continue the tradition of burning paper on the garbage fire. This is considered an unlucky day to have a guest or to go visit. Hakka villagers in rural Hong Kong in 1960 called it Poor Devil Day and believe everyone should stay home. It is also considered a good day to visit the God of Wealth temple and have a future to tell.

Day four

In a community celebrating the Lunar New Year for 15 days, the fourth day is when the company's "spring dinners" kicking begins and business is back to normal. Other areas that have a longer Lunar New Year holiday will celebrate and welcome the gods previously sent today.

Fifth day

Today is the birthday of the god of Wealth. In northern China, people eat jiaozi, or dumplings, in the morning powu (Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: pÃÆ'²w? ). In Taiwan, businesses are traditionally reopened the next day (sixth day), accompanied by firecrackers.

It is also common in China that on the 5th day people will fire firecrackers to get Guan Yu's attention, thus ensuring his kindness and good fortune for the new year.

Day seven

The seventh day, traditionally known as Renri , is the day when everyone grows a year older. In some overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia, such as Malaysia and Singapore, it is also the day when toss raw fish salad, yusheng, eaten for wealth and sustainable prosperity.

For many Chinese Buddhists, this is another day to avoid meat, the seventh day commemorates the birth of Sakra, the devotee of the deva in Buddhist cosmology analogous to the Emperor of the Sky.

Eighth day

Another family dinner was held to celebrate the night of the birth of the Jade Emperor, the ruler of heaven. People usually return to work on the eighth day, therefore Shop owners will host a lunch/dinner with their employees, thanking their employees for the work they have done throughout the year.

Near midnight on this day, the Hokkienes are preparing for the "Emperor's Heaven ritual" (Hokkien: PÃÆ' i i Thi? -kong ) where incense is burned and food is offered to the Emperor of Heaven and also to Zao Jun, the Kitchen God who reported each family to the Emperor of Heaven.

Some people will hold a ritual prayer after midnight on the eighth day. In Malaysia, in particular, people light fireworks, often more than on the first day.

Bai Ti Gong's practice can also be seen in Singapore and Indonesia, especially in Hokkien-speaking areas such as Sumatra.

Day nine

The ninth day of the New Year is a day for the Chinese to say prayers to the Emperor of Heaven at the Taoist Pantheon. The ninth day is traditionally the birthday of the Emperor of the Sky. Today, it is called Ti Kong Dan (Hokkien: ??? Thi? -kong Tan ), Ti Kong Si < Or Pai Ti Kong (Hokkien: ??? PÃÆ' i i thi? -kong ), very important for Hokkiens , even more important than the first day of the Chinese New Year.

In the middle of the eighth night of the new year, Hokkiens will thank the Emperor of Heaven. An important specialty offering is sugar cane. The legend states that Hokkien was escaped from slaughter by Japanese robbers by hiding in sugarcane plantations during the eighth and ninth day of the Chinese New Year, coinciding with the Emperor's birthday anniversary. Since the "sugarcane" (Hokkien: ?? kam-chiÃÆ' ) is a close homonym for "thank you" (Hokkien: kÃÆ'¡m-si? ) in Hokkien Dialect , Hokkiens offers sugarcane during the night of his birth, symbolically their gratitude.

In the morning of this anniversary (traditionally anytime from midnight to 7 am), Taiwanese households prepare an altar table with three layers: one top (containing six vegetables (Chinese: span lang = "zh-hant"> pinein: liÃÆ'¹ zh? i ), noodles, fruit, cakes, tangyuan, vegetable bowls, and raw series, all adorned with paper lanterns and two lower levels (containing five sacrifices and wine) to honor the gods under the Jade Emperor.The household then knelt down three times and prostrated nine times to salute and wish him a long life.

Incense, tea, fruit, vegetarian or roasted pork, and gold paper is presented as a custom protocol in honor of a respected person.

Day ten

The feast of the Jade Emperor is celebrated today.

fifteenth day

The fifteenth day of the new year is celebrated as " Yuanxiao Festival" (Chinese simplified: ??? ; Traditional Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: YuÃÆ'¡n xi? o jiÃÆ' Â © ), also known as " Shangyuan Festival" (Chinese simplified: ??? ; traditional Chinese: ? ? ; pinyin: Produce yuÃÆ'¡n jiÃÆ' Â © ) or Lantern Festival (Otherwise known as Chap Goh Mei Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: ShÃÆ'w ? mÃÆ'ng ; literally: "fifteen nights" in the Fujian dialect). Rice dumplings tangyuan (Chinese simplified: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? , pinyin: tang yuÃÆ'¡n ), a sweet glutinous spoon brewed in soup, eaten today. Candles are lit outside the home as a way to guide magic spirits back home. Today is celebrated as the Lantern Festival, and families walk on the streets carrying lanterns that light up.

In China, Malaysia, and Singapore, today is celebrated by individuals looking for a romantic partner, such as Valentine's Day. Currently, single women write their contact numbers on mandarin oranges and throw them in rivers or lakes, after which single men collect oranges and eat them. The taste is an indication of their possible love: sweet represents good fortune while acid shows bad luck.

Today often marks the end of Lunar New Year celebrations.

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Traditional food

The reunion dinner, named "Nian Ye Fan", was held on New Year's Eve where family members gathered for the celebration. The place is usually located within or near the home of the most senior family member. New Year's Eve meals are very large and sumptuous and traditionally include meat dishes (ie, pork and chicken) and fish. Most of the dinner reunions also feature communal hot pots as it is believed to indicate a coming with family members to eat. Most of the dinner reunions (especially in the South) also prominently feature special meats (eg wacked meat with wax like duck and Chinese sausage) and seafood (eg lobster and abalone) normally reserved for this and other special occasions for the rest years of eating. In most areas, fish (traditional Chinese: ? ; simplified Chinese: ? ; pinyin: yÃÆ'º ) is included, but is not eaten entirely (and the rest is stored overnight), like the Chinese phrase "there may be surplus every year "(Traditional Chinese: simplified Chinese: span lang =" zh-hant "> ???? ; ???? pinyin: niÃÆ'¡nniÃÆ'¡ny? u yÃÆ'º ) sounds the same as "let there fish every year. "Eight individual dishes are presented to reflect the faith of good fortune associated with the number. If the previous year's death was experienced in the family, seven dishes were served.

Red packets for close family are sometimes distributed during reunions. These packages often contain a certain amount of money that reflects luck and honor. Some foods are consumed to bring wealth, happiness, and good fortune. Some Chinese food names are homophones for words that also mean good things.

Like many other New Year's dishes, certain ingredients also take precedence over others because these ingredients also have names similar to prosperity, luck, or even money counting.

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Practice

History

In 1928, the ruling Kuomintang party in China determined that the Chinese New Year would fall on January 1 of the Gregorian Calendar, but this was abandoned because of the overwhelming opposition of the people. In 1967 during the Cultural Revolution, Chinese New Year celebrations were banned in China. The State Council of the People's Republic of China announced that the public should "Change Customs", have "Revolution and Spring Festival battles", and because people need to work on Chinese New Year Eve, they have no holidays during the Spring Festival day. Public celebrations were restored during China's economic reforms.

Red envelopes

Traditionally, red envelopes or red packets (Cantonese: lai sze or see see ; ??, ?? or Pinyin: lÃÆ'¬shÃÆ'¬; Mandarin: hÃÆ'³ngb? O ?; Hokkien: ang pow; POJ: ÃÆ' Â ¢ ng-pau; Hakka: fung bao) fainted during the Lunar New Year celebration, from a married couple or parents to unmarried juniors. It is also common for adults or young couples to deliver red packets to children.

During this period, the red packets are also known as ???/??? (yÃÆ' suÃÆ'¬qiÃÆ'¡n, which evolved from ???/???, literally, "money used to suppress or put down evil spirits").

Red packets almost always contain money, usually varying from several dollars to several hundred. Per adat, the amount of money in the red packet must be an even number, since the odd number is associated with the cash given during the funeral (??: bÃÆ'¡ij? N). Number 8 is considered lucky (for its homophonies for "wealth"), and $ 8 is usually found in red envelopes in the US. The number six (?, LiÃÆ'¹) is also very lucky because it sounds like "smooth" (?, LiÃÆ'º), in the sense of having a smooth year. The number four (?) Is the worst because its homophonenya is "death" (?). Sometimes chocolate coins are found in red packets.

Odd and even numbers are determined by the first digit, not the last. Thirty and fifty, for example, is an odd number and thus exactly as a funeral cash prize. However, it is common and quite acceptable to have a cash prize in a red packet using a single bank note - with ten or fifty frequently used yuan bills. It is customary that banknotes become new print money. Everything that concerns the New Year must be new to have good luck and fortune.

The action of requesting a red packet is usually called (Mandarin): ??? t? o-hÃÆ'³ngb? o, ??? or (Cantonese): ???. A married person will not refuse such a request because it means that he will be "out of luck" in the new year. Red packets are generally given by an established married couple to unmarried children of the family. It is custom and polite for children to wish happy New Year's blessings and years of happiness, health and fortune before receiving a red envelope. The red envelope is then kept under the pillow and sleeps for seven nights after the Lunar New Year before it is opened because it symbolizes luck and fortune.

In Taiwan in the 2000s, some entrepreneurs also gave red packages as bonuses for domestic servants, nurses or domestic workers from Southeast Asian countries, although this is controversial.

The Japanese had the same tradition of giving money during the New Year, called Otoshidama.

Gift exchange

In addition to the red envelopes, which are usually given from older people to younger people, small gifts (usually food or sweets) are also exchanged between friends or relatives (from different households) during the Lunar New Year. Gifts are usually brought when visiting friends or relatives in their homes. Common gifts include fruits (usually oranges, but never pear trade), cakes, biscuits, chocolates, and candies.

Certain items should not be given, as they are considered taboo. The taboo prizes include:

• items related to funerals (eg handkerchiefs, towels, chrysanthemums, white and black items)
• items indicating that time is running out (e.g. hours and hours)
• sharps that symbolize tie cuts (ie scissors and knives)
• item that symbolizes that you want to move away from a relationship (eg shoes and sandals)
• mirror
• homonym for an unpleasant topic (eg "clock" sounds like "funeral ritual", green hat for "wearing green hat" sounds like "cuckold", "handkerchief" sounds like "goodbye", "pear" sounds such as "separate", and "umbrella" sounds like "disband").

Market

The market or village fair is set for the New Year. The normally open market features new year related products such as flowers, toys, clothing, and even fireworks and firecrackers. It is easier for people to buy gifts for their new year visit as well as their home decor. In some places, the practice of shopping for a perfect plum tree is no different from the Western tradition of buying a Christmas tree.

Hong Kong filmmakers also released "New Year's celebration film" (???), mostly comedy, at this time of year.

Fireworks

The bamboo sticks are filled with gunpowder that is burned to make a small explosion once used in ancient China to ward off evil spirits. In modern times, this method eventually evolved into the use of firecrackers during the festive season. Firecrackers are usually strung together on long, fused strings that can be hung. Each firecracker is rolled in red paper, because red is profitable, with gunpowder in its essence. Once ignited, firecrackers make a loud noise and, since they are usually strung by hundreds, firecrackers are known for the deafening explosion of those who allegedly frightened evil spirits. Fireworks fireworks also signify an enjoyable time of the year and have become an integral part of the Lunar New Year celebrations.

Ban Petasan

" Happy New Year! " (Chinese: ???? ; pinyin: X? N NiÃÆ'¡n H? O Ya ; literally: "Good New Year, Yes") is a popular children's song for the New Year holidays. The melody is similar to the American folk song, Oh My Darling, Clementine.

• Choir:

Happy New Year! Happy New Year! (Chinese: ????! ????! ; pinyin: X? NniÃÆ'¡nh? O yes! X? nniÃÆ'¡nh? o yes! )

Happy New Year to all of you! (Chinese: ???????! ; pinyin: ZhÃÆ'¹hÃÆ'¨ dÃÆ' ji? X? NniÃÆ'¡ nh? o! )

We sing; we dance. (Chinese: span gh, pinyin: w? men tiÃÆ' ow ?. )

Happy New Year to all of you! (Chinese: ???????! ; pinyin: ZhÃÆ'¹hÃÆ'¨ dÃÆ' ji? X? NniÃÆ'¡ nh? o! )

Clothing

The outfit mainly features the red color or bright colors commonly used throughout the Lunar New Year because it was once believed that red could scare off evil spirits and bad luck. In addition, people usually wear new clothes from head to toe to symbolize a new start in the new year. Wearing new clothes also symbolizes having more than enough items to use and wear in the new year. Red is the color of luck.

Family portrait

In some places, taking family portraits is an important ceremony after relatives gather. Photos taken in the hall of the house or taken in front of the house. The most senior male head of the family sits in the middle.

Symbolism

As with all cultures, the Lunar New Year tradition incorporates elements that are a deeper symbol of meaning. One common example of Chinese New Year symbolism is the diamond-shaped red character (Chinese: Latn-pinyin "> fÃÆ'º ; Canton Yale: fuk1 ; literally:" blessings, bliss "), which displayed at the entrance of the Chinese house. This sign is usually seen hanging upside down, because the Chinese word dao (Chinese: ? ; pinyin: dÃÆ' o ; literally:" upside down "), homophonous or almost homophonous with (Chinese: ? ; pinyin: dÃÆ' o ; literally: "arrived") in all Chinese variations. Therefore, it symbolizes the coming of luck, happiness, and prosperity.

For Cantonese speakers, if the fu sign is upside down, the implicit dao (overturned) sounds like a Cantonese word for "pour", resulting in " ] ", which usually symbolizes bad luck; this is why the fu character is usually not reversed in the Canton community.

Red is the dominant color used in New Year celebrations. Red is a symbol of joy, and this color also symbolizes virtue, truth and sincerity. On the Chinese opera stage, the painted red face usually shows a sacred or loyal character and sometimes a great emperor. Candies, cakes, decorations and many things associated with the New Year and ceremonies are red. Chinese words for "red" (simplified Chinese: ? ; traditional Chinese: ? ; pinyin: < i> hÃÆ'³ng ; Cantonese Yale: hung4 ) in homophonous Mandarin with the word "prosper". Therefore, red is a favorable color and has a good sound.

Nianhua

Nianhua can be a form of Chinese color printing, for decoration during the Chinese New Year.

Interest

Here are the popular flower decorations for the New Year and available in the New Year market.

Icons and ornaments

Spring trip

Traditionally, families gather together during the Chinese New Year. In modern China, migrant workers in China travel back home to hold family dinner reunions on Chinese New Year's Eve. Due to the large number of interprovincial travelers, special arrangements are made by trains, buses and flights starting from 15 days before New Year's Day. This 40-day period is called chunyun, and is known as the world's largest annual migration. More inter-city travel was taken in mainland China during this period of the total Chinese population.

In Taiwan, spring trip is also a great event. Most of the transports in western Taiwan are in the north-south direction: long-haul travel between the north and the well-kept village of the southern countryside. Transportation in eastern Taiwan and that between Taiwan and the islands is less convenient. The cross-strait flight between Taiwan and mainland China began in 2003 as part of Three Links, mostly for "Taiwanese businessmen" to return to Taiwan for the new year.

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Celebrations outside Greater China

The Chinese New Year is also celebrated annually in many countries with significant Chinese populations. This includes countries throughout Asia, Oceania, and North America. Sydney, London and San Francisco claim to host the biggest New Year celebrations outside Asia and South America.

Southeast Asia

In some countries in Southeast Asia, Chinese New Year is a national holiday and is considered one of the most important holidays of the year. Chinese New Year's Eve is usually a half-day holiday for Malaysia and Singapore. The biggest celebrations take place in Malaysia (mainly in Kuala Lumpur, George Town and Klang) and Singapore.

In Singapore, Chinese New Year is accompanied by festive activities. One of the highlights is the celebration of Chinatown. In 2010, this included the Festive Street Bazaar, a staged show at night in Kreta Ayer Square and a lion dance competition. The Chingay Parade also featured prominently in the celebration. This is an annual street rally in Singapore, famous for its colorful buoys and cultural performances. Highlights from the Parade for 2011 include Fire Festivals, multi-ethnic performances and an unprecedented dance tour competition.

In the Philippines, Chinese New Year is considered the most important festival for Filipino-Chinese, and its celebration has also extended to non-Chinese Filipinos. In 2012, Chinese New Year is included in a public holiday in the Philippines, which is just New Year's Day itself.

Indonesia

In Indonesia, Chinese New Year is officially named as Chinese Lunar New Year, or Sin Cia in Hokkien. It was celebrated as one of the official national religious holidays by the Chinese-Indonesians from June 18, 1946 to January 1, 1953 through a government regulation signed by President Soekarno on June 18, 1946. Unofficially celebrated by ethnic Chinese from 1953 to 1967 under the rule government. signed by Vice President Muhammad Hatta on 5 February 1953 which overturned previous regulations, among other things, the Chinese New Year as a national religious festival. Effective from December 6, 1967, to 1998, the spiritual practice of celebrating Chinese New Year by Chinese families was restricted exclusively to Chinese homes. This restriction was made by the Indonesian government through the Presidential Instruction, Presidential Instruction No.14 of 1967 , signed by President Suharto. This restriction ended when the regime had changed and President Suharto was overthrown. The celebration was conducted unofficially by the Chinese community from 1999 to 2000. On January 17, 2000, President Abdurrahman Wahid issued a Presidential Decree through Presidential Decree No. 6/2000 to cancel Presidential Instruction No. 14 of 1967. On January 19, 2001, the Ministry of Religious Affairs issued a Decree through the Decree of the Minister of Religious Affairs No. 13 of 2001 on Imlek as National Holidays i> to organize New Lunar Day as a Facultative Holiday for the Chinese Community. . Through Presidential Decree, officially declared as 1 (one) day public holiday per 9 April 2002 by President Megawati. The Indonesian government allows only the first day of the Lunar New Year as a public religious holiday and is specifically intended for the Chinese. In Indonesia, the first day of the Chinese New Year is recognized as part of the Chinese religious and Chinese traditions. There is nothing official or unofficial from Chinese New Year as a public holiday. The remaining 14 days are celebrated only by Chinese ethnic families. In Indonesia, Chinese Year is referred to as the year K? Ngz? (??) or Kongzili in Bahasa Indonesia. Every year, the Ministry of Religion ( Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia ) establishes certain dates of religious holidays based on input from religious leaders. Lunar New Year is the only national religious feast in Indonesia which is specifically defined by Presidential Decree, in this case by Presidential Decree of The Republic of Indonesia Number 19 Year 2002 dated April 9, 2002 Lunar New Year Celebration as a religious holiday is specifically intended only for Chinese people in Indonesia ( Chinese tradition traditionally celebrated in various parts of Indonesia, and the spirit of Chinese religion ) and are not intended to be celebrated by Indigenous Peoples of Indonesia or > Indigenous Indonesian Society .

Surprisingly and funny, most Chinese Chinese who disobey the Chinese think and believe that the Chinese New Year is only for one day, in this case is on the first day, and the rest of the day especially on the fifteenth day is not considered part of the Chinese New Year. The same goes for indigenous Indonesians who insist that the fifteenth day of Chinese New Year is a kind of jamboree or carnival and thinks it is not related to the Chinese New Year at all. It is believed that this behavior occurs because of a religious dilemma in which most indigenous peoples in Indonesia are religious so by denying that the Lunar New Year activity is not related to any religion then they can justify participating and celebrating Chinese New Year especially on the fifteenth day of celebration. Their main motive for participating in Chinese New Year festivals and Chinese religious activities is money from carrying statues of Chinese gods, playing lions dancing and dragons and free food, and the opportunity to meet and find Chinese couples for marriage. Some even try to find a partner to have sexual intercourse during the festival. A large number of non-Chinese men even continue to come to Chinese temples regularly to pray to the Chinese gods and hope to get a Chinese ethnic woman as a wife. Some have successfully married ethnic Chinese. Unfortunately, all the descendants of this mixed marriage claimed that they had pure blood of Chinese descent. By marrying a Chinese, and actively participating as a follower of Chinese religion and thus entering into the inner circle of Chinese ethnic families, Non-Chinese people believe that they can instantly improve their social and financial status. To disguise their identity, many people changed their Indonesian names to Chinese-like names and falsified their ancestral family tree. Many married Non-Chinese also include their children to Chinese temples and Chinese schools in the hope that when they grow up they have the first chance to marry a Chinese. After marrying the Chinese, most of the Non-Chinese, if not all, including their children always claim and insist that they have pure Chinese blood, consequently, most, if not all, of the people The Chinese themselves in Indonesia, due to lack of comparison, can not distinguish who the Chinese are and who is not. Furthermore, because of this ignorance, more and more Chinese people in Indonesia think they are married to a Chinese because they have met at a Chinese temple. They assumed that only Chinese went to Chinese temples, but the reality was not. It is not surprising that at least 90%, if not all, of Chinese-Indonesians who claim that they have pure Chinese blood have very different skins, and different physical characteristics with strange facial features compared to other Chinese in the World. Everyone even wants to claim that they are of Chinese descent although their DNA is not at all Chinese. This phenomenon explains why there are many people in every Lunar New Year event and about 90% of Chinese temple visitors in some places are indigenous Indonesians and descendants of mixed marriage even though Chinese people account for only 1.2% of the population of Indonesia. Some Non-Chinese and Chinese also celebrate Chinese New Year in the Church with dragon dances, incense to pray and offerings of food for Mary, Mother of Jesus and Jesus Christ. Since the majority of the Chinese temple congregations are non-Chinese, they consequently also carry their own cultures, customs, beliefs and worship rituals of their gods to practice in Chinese temples, so that in some parts of Indonesia the practice of Chinese Religion and Chinese New Year will be completely different from other Chinese communities in other parts of the world. Some Non-Chinese people who have deep knowledge about Chinese religion became Chinese religious leaders and routinely gave sermons to the Chinese community. Some even became chairmen and leaders of Chinese religious associations. There is much evidence to support the above statement, anyone who wants to pursue further on this subject is encouraged to go to Facebook.com and do research using keywords, such as: temple indonesia, penta indonesia, bio indonesia, vihara indonesia and study carefully in detail about the social changes of Chinese community in Indonesia especially in relation to identity as Chinese, Chinese practice and Chinese New Year celebrations.

China's major cities and cities such as Jakarta, Medan, Singkawang, Pangkal Pinang, Binjai, Bagansiapiapi, Tanjungbalai, Pematangsiantar, Strait Panjang, Tanjung Pinang, Batam, Ketapang and Pontianak always celebrate New Year every year with parades and fireworks. Many shopping centers adorn the building with lanterns, Chinese words and lions or dragons with red and gold as the main colors. The lion dance is a common sight around the houses, temples, and shophouses in China. Usually, Buddhists, Confucians and Taoists will burn a huge incense made by gaharu wood with a dragon ornament in front of their house. The temple is open 24 hours on the first day, they also distribute red envelopes and sometimes rice, fruits or sugar to the poor around.

Australia and New Zealand

With one of the largest Chinese populations outside Asia, Sydney also claims to have the largest Lunar New Year Celebration outside Asia with more than 600,000 people attending celebrations in Chinatown every year. The event lasted for three weeks including launch ceremonies, outdoor markets, street food stalls, opera shows over China, dragon boat races, film festivals, and several parades combining Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese. Over 100,000 people attended the main parade with over 3,500 players. The festival also attracted international media coverage, reaching millions of viewers in Asia. The festival in Sydney is held in partnership with different provinces of China each year. In addition to Sydney, other state capitals in Australia are also celebrating the Chinese New Year because of the large Chinese population. Cities include: Brisbane, Adelaide, Melbourne Box Hill and Perth. Common activities are lion dance, dragon dance, New Year's market, and food festival. In Melbourne Footscray, Victoria, the Lunar New Year celebration that originally focused on the Vietnamese New Year has evolved into Chinese New Year celebrations as well as Lunar New Year celebrations from Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and other Asian Australian communities. which celebrates New Year in January/February or April.

Wellington City organizes a two-day weekend festival for the Lunar New Year, and a one-day festival is held in Dunedin, centered in China's city park.

North America

Many cities in North America sponsor official parades for the Chinese New Year. Among the cities with such parades are San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York City, Boston, Chicago, Mexico City, Toronto, and Vancouver. However, even small towns that were historically connected with Chinese immigration, such as Butte, Montana, recently hosted the parade.

New York

Several groups in New York City work together to sponsor the Lunar New Year celebrations for a week. Celebrations include cultural festivals, music concerts, fireworks on the Hudson River near the Chinese Consulate, and special exhibitions. In June 2015, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio stated that the Lunar New Year would be a public school holiday.

California

The Lunar New Year Festival of San Francisco and the Parade is the oldest and largest of its kind outside Asia, and the largest Asian cultural event in North America.

The festival combines Grant and Kearny Streets into their own street festivals and parade routes. The use of these walks traces his lineage back to the early parade that started the custom in San Francisco. In 1849, with the discovery of gold and Gold Rush in California, more than 50,000 people came to San Francisco to search for their wealth or just a better way of life. Among them were many Chinese, who came to work in the gold mines and on the railroad tracks. In the 1860s, Chinatown residents of San Francisco were eager to share their culture with fellow San Francisco citizens who may not be familiar with (or hostile) with him. Organizers choose to showcase their culture by using a favorite American tradition - the parade. They invited other groups from the city to participate, and they marched on what is now Grant Avenue and Kearny Street carrying colorful flags, banners, lanterns, drums, and firecrackers to ward off evil spirits.

In San Francisco, more than 100 units participated in the annual Chinese New Year's Parade held since 1958. The parade was attended by about 500,000 people along with 3 million other TV viewers.

Europe

In London, celebrations take place throughout Chinatown, Leicester Square, and Trafalgar Square. The celebrations include parades, cultural parties, fireworks, concerts and performances. The celebration draws between 300,000 to 500,000 people each year according to the organizers.

In Paris, the celebrations have been held since the 1980s in several districts for a month with many performances and the main of the three marches with 40 groups and 4,000 players attended by more than 200,000 people in the 13th arrondissement.

India and Pakistan

Many celebrate festivals in Chinatown, Kolkata, India where there is a significant Chinese community. In Kolkata, Chinese New Year is celebrated with lion and dragon dances.

In Pakistan, Lunar New Year is also celebrated among the large expatriate community of Chinese living in the country. During the festival, the Chinese embassy in Islamabad organizes various cultural events where Pakistani art and culture organizations and members of civil society also participate.

src: publicholidays.asia

Greetings

Lunar New Year is often accompanied by an enthusiastic and enthusiastic greeting, often referred to as ??? ( jÃÆ'xiÃÆ'¡nghuÃÆ' ) in Chinese or ???? (Kat Lei Seut Wa) in Cantonese, loosely translated as profitable word or phrase . New Year's Creations printed in gold letters on bright red paper, referred to as chunlian (??) or fai chun (??), is another way to express a whole new year hope desire. They probably preceded the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), but did not extend until then. Today, they are everywhere with Chinese New Year.

Some of the most common greetings include:

• Simplified Chinese: ???? ; Traditional Chinese: ???? ; pinyin: X? nniÃÆ'¡nkuÃÆ' ilÃÆ'¨ ; Jyutping: san1 nin4 faai3 lok6 ; Pe? H-? E-j?: ​​ Sin-nÃÆ'® khÃÆ'²ai-lo? K ; Hakka: Sin Ngen Kai Lok; Taishanese: Slin Nen Fai Lok. A more contemporary greeting reflects Western influence, literally translated from the words "Happy New Year" is more common in the west. But in northern China, people traditionally say simplified Chinese: ??? ; Traditional Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: GuÃÆ'²niÃÆ'¡n H? o instead of simplified Chinese: ???? ; Traditional Chinese: ???? (X? nniÃÆ'¡nkuÃÆ' ile), to distinguish it from the international new year. And ??? (GuÃÆ'²niÃÆ'¡n H? O) can be used from the first day until the fifth day of Chinese New Year. However, ??? (GuÃÆ'²niÃÆ'¡n H? O) is considered very short and therefore somewhat disrespectful.
  
• Simplified Chinese: ???? ; Traditional Chinese: ???? ; pinyin: G? ngx? f? cÃÆ'¡i ; Hokkien: Kiong hee huat chai (POJ: Kiong-hÃÆ' hoat-chÃÆ' Â ¢ i); Cantonese: Gung1 hei2 faat3 coi4; Hakka: Gung hee fatt choi, which is loosely translates to "Safe and prosperous". Often mistakenly considered synonymous with "Happy New Year", its use dates back several centuries.

  Source of the article : Wikipedia