Submittals in construction management are store images, material data, samples, and product data. Submittals are required primarily for architects and engineers to verify that the correct product will be installed on the project.
This process also allows architects and sub-consultants to choose colors, patterns, and types of materials that are not selected prior to the completion of construction drawings. This is not an opportunity for architects to choose materials that are different from those specified, but to clarify the selection in the quality level shown in the specifications and quantities shown in the plan.
For materials that require fabrication, such as reinforcing steel and structural steel, architects and engineers need to verify the details provided by the manufacturer as well as the required quantities are met. Details of the manufacturer reflect material availability and ease of production. One of the tragic examples of alternative designs delivered is the suspension rod and braking details that resulted in the collapse of the Hyatt Regency. Steel fabricators can not produce steel length as originally designed and proposed using shorter lengths. The proposed alternative adds a load on the bolts, which led to the collapse of the skywalk on July 17, 1981. 114 people were killed.
The contractor also uses this information in the installation, using the dimensions and installation data of the submittal. Construction documents, especially technical specifications, require contractors to submit product data, samples, and picture shopping to architects and engineers for approval. This is one of the first steps taken by the contractor after the implementation of the construction contract and the issuance of "Notice to Continue".
The submittal process affects the cost, quality, schedule, and success of the project. In large commercial projects, the submittal process can involve thousands of different materials, fabrication and equipment. Commercial buildings often have intricate pre-fabrication components. These include: elevators, windows, cabinets, air handling units, generators, appliances and cooling towers. These tools often require close coordination to ensure that they receive proper energy, fuel, water and structural support. The submittal process provides another level of detail that is not usually included as part of the design document.
An approved submittal authorizes the quantity and quality of materials or assemblies to be released for fabrication and delivery. This ensures that submittals have been properly checked before the final booking. In essence, this is the final quality control mechanism before the product arrives in place.
Video Submittals (construction)
Jenis Submittals
Product Data Submittal
Product data delivery usually consists of manufacturer product information. The information included in this submission is:
- Manufacturers, trade names, models or number of types and quantities: This information is required to compare items shipped with specified products and acceptable products, in specifications and additions.
- A description of usage and performance characteristics: Information should be provided by describing the normal use and expected performance of the product. Architects and contractors review this information to confirm that the product is appropriate for its intended use.
- Physical size and characteristics: Physical size and characteristics, such as adjustability capabilities, reviewed by contractors and architects. The contractor has the most available information to compare contiguous materials and equipment. The contractor also needs to know the size and weight of the equipment to lift and handle considerations.
- Final characteristic: Architects review available settlement and choose the right settlement, if the final result is not predetermined in the document. The Contractor shall ensure that the final requirements in the specifications are met by the product.
- Special requests for work site dimensions: Some materials are tailor-made for job conditions, requiring dimensions of the work location. This workplace dimension is provided by the contractor, prior to product launch for manufacture.
Store Image
View article: Picture shop.
Sample
Many products require sample submission. The sample is the physical part of the product specified. Some samples are examples of complete products, such as bricks or parts of precast concrete, or some samples showing color or texture. Product samples are often required when some products are acceptable, to confirm the quality and aesthetic level of the material. The size or unit of the sample material is usually specified.
For some materials, a mock-up panel or sample is required. A common example of an example panel is a mock-up wall. It is a full size mock-up of wall assemblies and can include windows, exterior coatings and waterproofing. Mock-ups function well as an aesthetic review, but also provide an opportunity for contractors to test the assembly field before full-scale assembly. Mock ups may be required to test water resistance and lateral forces. The mock-up panel may be 10 feet wide by 12 feet tall, showing full wall ranges from floor to floor.
Samples are usually required for final selection or approval. The colors and textures in the actual product may vary from the colors and textures shown in the printed material. The printed brochure gives an indication of the available color, but the colors are given in printer ink, not on the actual material. The quality level can be determined, requiring color selection and/or texture of the material sample pieces. Some acceptable manufacturers may be listed in the specification and the quality level can also be determined. The contractor, subcontractor or supplier may have a preference for one of these products, based on price, availability, quality, workability or service.
Samples are usually stored in the workplace and compared to the material sent and installed. Comparison of samples with received products is an important part of project quality control.
Maps Submittals (construction)
Submittals Review
Processing time is required to produce and review submittal, store image, and sample. The procedure can be very complicated and time consuming, but there is a compelling reason to review the steps by all parties. The designer is ultimately responsible for the design of the facility to meet shelter needs and must ensure that the products installed are appropriate to meet this need. Any changes in material fabrication or quantity need to be reviewed to be accepted with the original design. Both architects, contractors and sub-contractors should be able to coordinate the installation of products with other building systems.
Each level should review, add information as necessary, and stamp or seal that submittal is checked and approved by that party. Once submittal reaches the main reviewer, it is returned via the same step, which provides an opportunity for further comment and ensures that each party is aware of consent, partial approval, record, or rejection. This approval process is complicated and time-consuming. However, modern software products can greatly simplify and improve efficiency.
Typically, architects will review submittal for compliance with requirements in construction documents. Revisions can be recorded on the submittal. Colors and other items of choice will be made by architects during this review. Sometimes the architect will refuse all submittal and other times will request the sending back some items. The architect will also make corrections, which usually do not need to be resent, but they need to be applied to the product. While architects and engineers review the product for performance and design intent, the contractor shall review the product for preparation, quantity and installation requirements.
The contractor shall manage the submittal process as any other process in the construction cycle. The submittal process requires consideration of lead time to generate submittal, shop drawing (engineering), review and revision and store fabrication period. Careful planning is required to ensure that products are ordered and shipped in construction schedules, so as not to delay any activity. The contractor should prioritize the submittal process, submit and obtain approval for the materials needed for the first part of the project.
Note
References
- Anumba C.J. and N.F.O. Evbuomwan 1997, "Engineering Simultaneously in Design-Building Projects," Construction and Economic Management, 15 (3): 271-281.
- Anumba CJ, Cutting-Decelle AF, Baldwin AN, Dufau J., Mommessin M., Bouchlaghem NM, "Product Integration and Process Model as Keystone from Engineering Simultaneously in Construction: Project ProMICE," Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Modeling of Products and Processes, Amor R. (Ed.), 1998.
- Dubois A.M., Flynn J., Verhorf M.H.G., Augenbroe, F., "Conceptual Modeling Approach to COMBINE Project," Workshop of End Merger Workshop, Dublin, 1995.
- Pietroforte, Roberto. "Communication and governance in the development process" (pdf) . Taylor & amp; Francis Group . Retrieved 2007-02-18 .
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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