A vocational school , sometimes also called trade school , career center , or vocational college , is a type educational institutions, which, depending on the state, may refer to secondary or post-secondary education designed to provide the vocational education, or technical skills required to perform specific and specific job tasks. In the case of secondary education, these schools are different from the academic high schools that typically prepare students who aim to pursue higher education, rather than going straight into the workforce. With regard to post-secondary education, vocational schools are traditionally distinguished from four-year colleges by focusing them on job-specific training for students who are normally bound to one skilled trade, rather than providing academic training for students pursuing careers in professional disciplines. While many schools have been adhering to this convention, the pure focus of other trading school vocations began to shift in the 1990s "toward broader preparations that developed academic" as well as the technical skills of their students.
Video Vocational school
Australia
Vocational schools are called "technical colleges" in Australia, and there are more than 20 schools that specialize in vocational training (VET) training. Only four technical colleges are left, and these are now referred to as "trade colleges". At this college, students complete a modified 12th year certificate and start a school-based internship in their preferred trade. There are two trading colleges in Queensland; Brisbane, Gold Coast, Australian Industry Trade College and one in Adelaide, Vergalargona rico, Technical College, and others in Perth, Australian Trades College.
In Queensland, students may also conduct VET in public and private secondary schools instead of studying for the overall position (OP), which is a college admission score. However, these students typically undertake a more limited vocational education one day per week while the training academy is longer.
Maps Vocational school
Canada
Vocational schools are sometimes called "colleges" in Canada. However, colleges may also refer to institutions that offer part of a university degree, or credits that can be transferred to a university.
In Ontario, high schools are separated into three streams: technical schools, commercial or business schools, and colleges (academic schools). The schools are still there; however, the curriculum has changed that no matter which type of school is present, they can still attend post-secondary institutions and still study various subjects and others (academically or practically).
In Ontario, the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities have divided secondary education into private universities, colleges and career academies.
In the Province of Quebec, there are several vocational programs offered at institutions called CEGEP (colligrant d'égignée d'égignée et ethernetnel), but this can also serve as a university introduction. Generally, students complete two years at CEGEP directly from high school, and then complete three years at the university (not four ordinary), to earn a bachelor's degree. Alternatively, some CEGEP offer vocational training, but it is more likely that vocational training will be found in institutions that are separate from academic institutions, although they may still be called colleges.
Central and Eastern Europe
In Central and Eastern Europe, vocational education is represented in the form of vocational technical school (professional) which is often abbreviated as PTU and technical college (technikum).
- Vocational school (college)
Vocational or vocational schools ([vyshche] uchylyshche - study schools) are considered a type of post-secondary education, but incorporate junior high school and junior college courses spanning six years. In Ukraine, the term is used mostly for sports schools sometimes alternately with college term. Such a college could be a separate entity or branch of a larger university. Graduates who successfully receive a specialist degree.
- PTU
The PTU is usually a preparatory vocational education and is equivalent to a third level general education in previous Soviet education, providing a lower level of vocational education (internship). That's comparable to high school. In the 1920-30s, such PTUs were called factory schools and factory apprentices, and then the 1940s - vocational schools. Sometime after 1959, the name of the PTU was established, however, with the reorganization of the Soviet educational system of vocational schools renamed lyceums. There are several types of PTU such as state-owned municipal PTU and rural PTU.
- Technicum
Technical colleges (technicum) are becoming obsolete terms for a college in different parts of Central and Eastern Europe. Technicians provide mid-level vocational education. In addition to technicums and PTU there is also a vocational school (Russian: ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? In 1920-30s Ukraine, technicums was a technical (technical) institute, however, during the Soviet educational reform 1930-1932, they were degraded in their accreditation.
- Institut
Institutes are regarded as higher levels of education; However, unlike universities, they are more trade-oriented. With the reorganization of the Soviet educational system, most institutes have been renamed technical universities.
Finnish
The Finnish system is divided between vocational and academic tracks. Currently about 47 percent of Finnish students at age 16 go to vocational schools. Vocational schools are secondary schools for ages 16-21, and prepare students to enter the workforce. The curriculum includes a little general academic education, while the practical skills of each trade are emphasized. Education is divided into eight main categories with a total of about 50 trades. The basic category of education is
- Humanist and educational branch (typical trade: young and leisure director)
- Cultural branch (typical trade: artisan, media assistant)
- Branches of social sciences, business and merchandise (typical trade: vocational qualifications in business and administration (Finland: merconomy ))
- Natural science (typical trade: IT Worker (Finnish: datanomi ))
- Technology and traffic (typical trade: machinist, electrician, process worker)
- Branches of natural resources and environment (typical trade: rural entrepreneurs, forest workers)
- Branch of social work, health care, and physical exercise (general trade: practical nurse (Finland: lÃÆ'¤hihoitaja ))
- Travel, catering, and domestic economies (typical trade: institutional catering workers)
In addition to these categories run by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Home Affairs provides vocational education in the security and rescue sections for police, prison guards and firefighters.
Vocational schools are usually owned by municipalities, but in special cases, private or state vocational schools exist. The state provides assistance to all vocational schools on the same basis, regardless of the owner. On the other hand, vocational schools are not allowed to operate for profit. The Ministry of Education issues a license to provide vocational education. Under license, the municipality or private entity is granted permission to train the student's annual quota for a particular trade. The license also determines the area in which the school should be located and the language used in education.
Vocational school students are selected by schools based on criteria established by the Ministry of Education. The basic qualifications for this study were completed by a comprehensive nine-year school. Anyone may seek in a vocational school regardless of their domicile. In certain trades, poor health or invalidity can be an acceptable reason for refusing to enter. The students do not pay tuition and they should be given free health care and school lunch every day. However, the students have to pay for the books, even though the tools and training materials are given to the students free of charge.
In higher education, there is a higher vocational school ( ammattikorkeakoulu translated to "polytechnic" or "university of applied sciences"), which provides a three- to four-year degree in a more engaged field, such as engineering (see insinÃÆ'¶ÃÆ'¶ri (amk)) and breastfeeding.
In contrast to vocational schools, academically oriented high schools, or high school (Finland: lukio ) do not teach vocational skills. It prepares students to enter universities or higher vocational schools.
ireland
Vocational schools in Ireland are a type of secondary education school that places great emphasis on vocational and technical education; this led to some conflicts in the 1960s when the District Technical School system was under development. Since 2013 schools have been managed by the Council on Education and Training, which replaces the Vocational Education Committee which is largely based on city or district borders. Establishment of schools is largely provided by the state; funding is through a block grant system that provides about 90% of the required funding needs.
Vocational schools usually have advanced courses in addition to traditional courses at the secondary level. For example, leave a certificate program aimed at drop-out students and pre-third-level students.
Until the 1970s vocational schools were seen as inferior to other schools that were then available in Ireland. This is mainly because traditional courses such as leave certificates are not available in schools, but this is changed with the Investments in Education (1962) reporting that resulted in an increase in their status. Currently around 25% of secondary education students attend these schools.
Japanese
In Japan, vocational schools are known as senym gakk? ( ???? ) . They are part of the Japanese higher education system. There is a two-year school that many students learn after finishing high school (though it is not always necessary that students graduate from high school). Some have wide majors, others are just a few majors. Some examples are computer technology, fashion and English.
Dutch
In the Middle Ages, boys learned a call through an apprenticeship. They are usually 10 years old when they enter service, and are first called leerling (internship), then gezel (day workers) and after the exam - sometimes with examples of workmanship called meesterproef (works) - they are called meester (expert craftsmen). In 1795, all guilds in the Netherlands were dissolved by Napoleon, and with them the guild vocational school system. After the French occupation, in the 1820s, the need for quality education led to more and more cities to form day and night schools for various trades. In 1854, the community of Maatschappij tot verbetering van den werkenden stood (the society to improve the working class) was founded in Amsterdam, which changed its name in 1861 to Maatschappij voor de Werkende Stand (Society for the working class). The community started the first public vocational school ( De Ambachtsschool ) in Amsterdam, and many cities followed suit. Initially only for boys, then Huishoudschool (household) was introduced as a vocational school for girls. Household education began in 1888 with Haagsche Kookschool in The Hague.
In 1968 a law called Mammoetwet changed all this, effectively dissolving Ambachtsschool and Huishoudschool. The name was changed to LTS (lagere technische school, low technical school), where most boys leave because of its technical nature, and other options, where most women go, are LBOs ( > lager beroepsonderwijs , low vocational education). In 1992, both LTS and LBO changed into VBO (voorbereidend beroepsonderwijs , vocational preparation education) and since 1999 VBO along with MAVO (middelbaar algemeen voortgezet onderwijs), secondary secondary education ) changed to the current VMBO ( voorbereidend middelbaar beroepsonderwijs , vocational secondary education preparation).
United States
In the United States, there is a huge difference between college and vocational colleges. The term college is generally reserved for non-profit post-secondary institutions. In contrast, vocational schools are government-owned or at least a government-backed institution, occupying two full years of study, and their credits are generally accepted elsewhere in the academic world and in some cases such as charter academies or magnet schools may take place in recent years secondary school.
Career colleges on the other hand are generally not supported by the government in any capacity, occupy less than a year of study period, and their training and certification are rarely recognized by the larger academic world. In addition, since most career colleges are private schools, this group can be subdivided into nonprofit schools and exclusive schools, operated for the sole economic benefit of their owners.
As a result of the emphasis on the commercialization of education, the widespread bad reputation for quality is maintained by a large number of career colleges as more promising what job prospects for their graduates will actually be in their field of study after the completion of their program, and to emphasize the number of careers from which a student can choose.
Although the popularity of career colleges has exploded in recent years, the number of government-sponsored vocational schools in the United States has declined significantly.
The Association for Careers and Technical Education (ACTE) is the largest national education association of America dedicated to the advancement of career and technical education or vocational education that prepares adolescents and adults for careers.
Previous vocational schools such as the California Institute of Technology and Carnegie Mellon University have become full-fledged titling institutions.
See also
- Vocational university
References
External links
- The School Careers Association website
- Barry Yeoman, School Scam, Good Housekeeping
- Association of Career and Technical Education (ACTE)
- Paying for Vocational School
- Questions for Ask Vocational School
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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