APA styles are the style of writing and formatting for academic documents such as scientific journal articles and books, and are usually used to cite sources in the field of social science. This is described in the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide, entitled American Psychological Association's Publications Guide . This guide was developed to assist reading comprehension in social and behavioral sciences, for clarity of communication, and for "best word choice to reduce bias in language".
The APA style is widely used, either entirely or by modification, by hundreds of other scientific journals (including medical journals and other public health journals), in many textbooks, and in academia (for class-written papers). Along with the AMA Style and CSE Style, this is one of the main styles for such work.
Video APA style
Histori
APA was involved in journal publishing in 1923. In 1929, an APA committee had a seven-page author's guide published in the Psychological Bulletin. In 1944, a 32-page guide appeared as an article in the same journal. The first edition of the APA Publication Manual was published in 1952 as a 61-page supplement to the Psychology Bulletin, marking the beginning of the "recognized APA style." In response to the growing complexity of scientific reporting, subsequent editions were released in 1974, 1983, 1994, 2001, and 2009.
Particularly known for the simplicity of the reference citation style, Manual also sets the standard for the use of languages ​​that have far-reaching effects. The most influential is the "Guide for Nonsexual Languages ​​in APA Journals," first published as a modification to the 1974 edition, which provides a practical alternative to the later sexist language in general use. Guidelines for reducing language bias have been updated over the years and currently provide practical guidance on writing about race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation, and disability status (APA, 2009, pp.Ã, 70-77; see also APA, 2009b).
Maps APA style
Sixth Edition of Publication Guide
The sixth edition of the Publishing Guide of the American Psychological Association is the latest. It was released in July 2009 after four years of development. The Publication Manual The Revised Task Force of the American Psychological Association sets parameters for revisions based on published criticisms; user comments; reviews assigned; and input from psychologists, nurses, librarians, business leaders, publishing professionals, and APA governance groups (APA, 2007a, 2007b). To achieve this revision, the Task Force assigns a working group of four to nine members in seven areas: free language bias, ethics, graphics, Journal Reporting Standards, references, statistics, and writing styles (APA, 2009, pp.Ã, XVII - XVIII).
APA describes the publication of a new edition only eight years after the fifth edition by pointing to increased use of online resources or online access to academic journals (6th ed., P.Ã, XV). The sixth edition comes with a stylish website, apastyle.org and APA Style Blog, which answers many common questions from users.
Error in first print
Sample paper in the first print of the sixth edition contains an error. APA's staff posted all online corrections for free in one document on October 1, 2009, and promptly warned users of any corrections in APA's blog entry. This error attracted significant attention from the scientific community and almost two weeks later, on October 13, 2009, the article "Fixed the Style Guide" was published in the online newspaper Inside Higher Ed that included interviews with several individuals, one of them describes the error as "terrible". All printing copies with errors immediately after being withdrawn in 2009 (including those from major retailers such as Amazon.com) and all currently circulated manuals are not affected.
Characteristics of APA Style Quotes
Quotes in text
APA Style uses a writer-date reference citation system in text with an accompanying reference list. That means that to quote any reference in a paper, the author should quote the author and the year of the work, either by including both in parentheses separated by commas (parentheses) or by placing the authors in narrative and year-long narrative citation ).
Examples of narrative citations: Schmidt and Oh (2016) illustrate the fear among the public that the findings of science are not really real.
Example of parentheses: In our post-petual era, many community members fear that science findings are not real (Schmidt & Oh; 2016).
Reference list
In the APA reference list, the author must provide the author, year, title, and source of the work cited in the alphabetical reference list. If the reference is not quoted in the text, it should not be included in the reference list. The reference format varies slightly depending on the type of document (for example, journal articles, edited book chapters, blog posts), but generally follows the same author pattern, date, title, source.
- Please note that the website reference title may be italic or italic. If the job is stand-alone, italicize the title; if it is part of a larger whole, do not italicize the title.
See also
- Quotes
- Comparison of reference management software
References
Bibliography
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American Psychological Association Publication Guide (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2011. ISBN: 978-1-4338-0562-2. (spiral bound) - American Psychological Association Publication Guide (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2001. ISBN: 978-1-55798-791-4.
External links
- "Download template format WHAT". normas-apa.com .
- "American Psychological Association". what.org .
- "WHAT Style". apastyle.org . Ã,
- Template Paper APA on the Indian River State College Library site.
- Generate WHAT quote based on DOI, ISBN, and URL.
- WHAT IS Interactive on Massey University's OWLL website.
- APA Resources at Purdue University Online Writing Lab
- Formatting Style APA in MS Word 2013
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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