Unilateral hearing loss ( UHL ) or one-sided deafness ( SSD ) is a type of hearing loss in which there is hearing normal in one ear and hearing loss in the other ear.
Video Unilateral hearing loss
Signs and symptoms
Patients with unilateral hearing loss have difficulty
- hear a conversation by their disturbed side
- localization sound
- understand speech in front of background noise.
- interpersonal and social relations
- trouble concentrating in large open environment
In quiet conditions, speech discrimination is no worse than normal hearing in those who are partially deaf; However, in a noisy environment the speech discrimination is almost always heavy.
Maps Unilateral hearing loss
Cause
Known causes include physical trauma, acoustic neuroma, measles, labyrinthitis, mikrotia, meningitis, MÃÆ' Â © niÃÆ'¨re disease, Waardenburg syndrome, mumps (epidemic parotitis), and mastoiditis.
Prevalence
A 1998 study of schoolchildren found that per thousand, 6-12 had some form of unilateral hearing loss and 0-5 had moderate to severe unilateral hearing loss. It is estimated that in 1998 about 391,000 school-age children in the United States experienced unilateral hearing loss.
Remarkable unilateral hearing loss
Unilateral deep hearing loss is a specific type of hearing loss when one ear has no functional hearing ability (91 dB or greater hearing loss). People with profound unilateral hearing loss can only hear in mono (mono).
Severe unilateral hearing loss or one-sided deafness, SSD, makes hearing very difficult. With sound and background noise being presented at the same level, a person with unilateral deafness is found to only hear about 30-35% of the conversation. Someone with SSD needs to try harder when communicating with others. When a patient can hear from only one ear, and there is limited possibility to compensate for defects, for example, changing listening positions, group discussions and dynamic hearing situations becomes difficult. Individuals with unilateral hearing loss are often regarded as socially awkward because of the constant effort to maximize hearing leading to socially unique body language and behavior.
SSDs also negatively affect hearing and comprehension by making it impossible for the patient to determine the direction, distance and movement of the sound source. In the evaluation using Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaires, SSDs resulted in greater defects than subjects with hearing loss in both ears.
A deep SSD is often confused with Sensory Discrimination Disorder (SDD), a type of Sensory Processing Disorder, and may result in processing of sensory information or incorrect hearing input during interpersonal communication.
SSD is known to cause:
- Irritability
- Hate speech: all sounds, no matter how low
- Body language and behavior that looks socially or unusually awkward, like looking at someone else's mouth or often tilting the head
- Frequent headaches, stress
- Social isolation
- The difficulty of chronic interpersonal communication due to the inability of the brain to isolate or shape the sounds and voices of others
- Anxiety appearance even in low noise situations
- Fatigue
- Difficulty figuring out where the sound came from.
- Dizzy Light Variable
- Problems while paying attention to what people say: "circumvention" behavior.
- Misrepresented as ADHD
- Lack of awareness of the space and personal atmosphere of others because the brain focuses heavily on the decomposition of hearing information in lieu of non-verbal social cues.
- Lack of sound depth: background noise (indoors, in cars) is flat and misinterpreted by the brain. The effect is similar to what happens when trying to hear someone speak in a noisy crowd on mono TV. The effect is also similar to talking on the phone to someone who is in a noisy environment (see also: King-Kopetzky syndrome)
- Inability to filter background sounds or selectively listen only to important parts of noise in the environment.
- For sensorineural hearing losses, lack of input from impaired sensory equipment can cause "ghost beeps" or ringing/tinnitus as the brain tries to interpret lost sensory data. The frequency and volume can increase according to a person's physical condition (stress, fatigue, etc.). This can exacerbate social problems and increase difficulties in understanding speech.
- Speak loudly or "broadcast": the affected person can not sense the volume of his voice relative to another person in the same room or nearby, so characterized by someone else (who may be outside the normal hearing range) as dominant or abusive
Management
Learning the central nervous system with "plasticity" or biological maturation over time does not improve the performance of monaural listening. In addition to conventional methods to improve ear performance are disrupted, there are also hearing aids adapted to unilateral hearing loss that are very limited effectiveness due to the fact that they do not restore the ability to hear stereo.
- Hearing Aids Contralateral Signals from Signals (CROS) are hearing aids that pick up sound from the ear with poor hearing and transmit to ears with better hearing. There are several types of CROS hearing aids:
- Conventional CROS consists of a microphone placed near the affected ear and an amplifier (hearing aid) near the normal ear. Both units connect either with the wire behind the neck or with wireless transmission. The aid appears as two hearing aids behind the ears and is sometimes inserted into the glasses.
- CIC transcranial CROS consists of a complete bone conduction hearing aid in the ear canal (CIC). A conventional high-powered conductive air hearing aid fits perfectly with deaf ears. The vibration of the bone wall in the ear canal and the middle ear stimulates the normal ear by means of bone conduction through the skull. BOS Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA): abutment implanted in the uterus transmits sound from deaf ears with direct bone conduction and stimulates normal ear coarse cochlea.
- SoundBite Intraoral bone conduction that uses bone conduction through the teeth. One component resembles conventional ear-hearing aids that are connected wirelessly to a second component used in the mouth that resembles a conventional dental appliance.
In Germany and Canada, cochlear implants have been used with great success to restore the ability to hear stereo, minimize the impact of SSD and improve the quality of life of patients.
Evaluation
In 2012 there is only one small-scale study comparing CROS systems.
One study of the BAHA system showed benefits depending on the patient's transcranial attenuation. Other studies show that sound localization does not improve, but the effect of the shadow head is reduced.
Hearing Problem
School-aged children with unilateral hearing loss tend to have lower grades and require educational support. However, this does not happen to everyone. They can also be considered to have behavioral problems.
People who suffer from UHL have great difficulty in finding any sound source. They may not be able to find an alarm or the phone is ringing. Marco Polo's swimming games are generally impossible for them.
When using stereo headphones, people with unilateral hearing loss can hear only one channel, then panning information (volume and time difference between channels) is lost; some instruments can be heard better than others if they are mixed mostly into one channel, and in extreme cases sound production, such as complete stereo separation or stereo switching, is only part of the audible composition; in the game using 3D audio effects, the sound may not be felt properly because it comes to the deformed ear. This can be corrected by using settings in software or hardware - audio player, OS, amplifier or sound source - to adjust balance to one channel (only if the setting lowers sound from both channels to one channel), or there may be an option to directly downmix both channels to mono. Such arrangements may be available through the device or software accessibility features. As a hardware solution, a stereo-to-mono adapter may be available to receive mono sound in stereo headphones from a stereo sound source, or some mono headsets for mobile phones and VOIP communications can combine stereo sound into mono (although headphones for voice communications usually offer lower audio quality of headphones targeted for listening to music). From a voice fidelity standpoint, the sound information in the downmix mono channel will, in any case, be different from the source channel or what the normal listener feels, so technically some audio quality is lost (for example, the same or very few sound incidents different in two channels, with time delay between them, will be coupled to sounds in mono channels that can not be avoided according to the sound manufacturer's objectives); However, the loss is highly unlikely to be noticeable, especially compared to other distortions attached to sound reproduction, and a person's problem of hearing loss.
See also
- Effect cocktail party
References
Light and Unbalanced Hearing Loss: Implications for Early Intervention
External links
- Deep Unilateral Hearing Loss FAQ's and Flash Animation
- BoysTownHospital.org
- Unilateral Hearing Loss - Notes
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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